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owned by a man named Cullinane. One in the townland of Ballyknock owned by a man named Commane .Two of the townland of Tullassa owned by a man named Hickey.One in the townland of Crohane owned by a man named Cullinane .Some of the forts are in sight of each other. They are round in shape .There is a fence or bank of earth around all the forts .The people think that it was magicians known as the Tuata De Danann's that made the forts.The Danes had nothing to do with the forts according to the people.The fairy folk used live in them.No animals were ever seen in the forts.None of the forts in this school district were were ever ploughed or torn up.Several people living in the district saw lights in the forts and they also heard music in them .
One time,some children died rather suddenly,they were sick only

Brawnacurtha, Carthys CrohaneBanades - Mahers WilfordCónáns, William Whytes MoonverrinGort na Winne agus gort Creis - Henry Duggans NewtownBántóigín - Paddy Tobins ProspectPullavóom, Tommy Mahers WilfordCurracs, Jack Dorans CorballyRístíns, Bill Hickes NewtownGort Sgeach - Tom Whytes BushyparkGort na h-Abhann, Hughes BallyrichardPáirc na Ba, Hughes BallyrichardGort Rúa, Jack Moroneys KyleRa Hay, John Leahys KnockroeSean a Beithis Corner, Hughes KnockroeCor na Cille, Edmond Hall KylePáirc Aoirde, Mullalys PriestownSeana Gort, Phelans BellviewBánárds, Hanly BallycullenCaughtys, Caseys CorballySpod, Jim Whelans CorballyCunna, Coursing. Blackmore CrohanePoolavóón, Bradshaws, LismoynanCnoc na Pársúin - George Hayden's ParsinshillMóine Dubh, Jack Haydens LismoynanTobar de Tíann, John Coadys, Moyne

Tinnock (Tigh an Chnuich)means "house on the hill". It is so called because there is a hill in it.
Ballinagarry (Baile an Gharrdha)means "town of the garden". The land is fairly good for tillage.
Glengall (Gleann Gall)means the "glen of the foreigners". It is not known why it got this name.
Ballintaggart (Baile an tSagairt)means "town of the priest". No parish here . not
Mohober (Mágthobair)means "plain of the well". It is a very level townland.
Gragaugh (Gráigeác)a form of the word "gráigh" which means "hamlet".
Shangarry (Seangharrdha) - means "old garden"
Crohane (Crúacán)means "round hill". There is a round hill in the townland. An old parish (1653)
Ballincurry (Bhaile an Curraigh)means "town of the marsh". There are marshes in the townland.
Clashduff (Clais Dubh) - means the "black trench".
Lisnamrock (Lios na mBroth)means "fort of the badgers". There are many forts in the townland.
Ballyphilip (Baile Pilibh) - means "Philip's town"
Ballaghboy (Bealach Buide) - means the "yellow way".
Boulea (Buaile) - means "milking yard"
Carroe (Ceathramadh) means "fourth part" of the old parish of Crohane.
Reabaun ( Réidh Bán) - means "level field"
Knocknacourta (Cnoch an Cúirte)means "hill of the mansion"

Donoghues' Patrick Connell and his family lived. They all emigrated except two sons, one who is in Cork and the other in Ballymackean.
Beginning at the lower end of the main road, the were three houses opposite Michael Harringtons where Pats Coughlan's cottage is now, Lawerence Donovan and his family lived. He died and his family went to live in Crohane. Across the road from John J. Dempsey's lived a tailor named Cornelius O Mahoney and his family.
He died and they went to live near Cork.
Next door Jeremiah Mahony and his family lived. They all died except a son and a daughter who reside in the Old Head. Nearby lived Mary Arundel and her family. She died and they went inland to live. Above Calnans' cottage lived Mike A Gabha and his family. All of them emigrated except one son who is now living in Garretstown. Seán Ó Fícheán and his wife lived opposite John T. Dempsey's. They died. Below Tobar Nua, there were two houses. Mrs Hartnett lived in one. She and all her family died except one son who is now living in a cottage in Lispatrick. In the other lived Michael Connolly and his family. They died also

through Crohane mountain her husband spoke to her again and again, but said he "You were to be killed at Ballinahalle Bridge tonight by the ghost woman, and this very moment a man is laid bleeding to death at the bridge, while his horse gallops home in terror.When they got over the top of the mountain, and were going down the big hollow to the crooked bridge near Guiney's house presently, he spoke to her again and said "Now Annie your people are coming up the road in search of you, so now we will part until your death, and do not ever be so late on that road again, if you can possibly avoid it and all will be well with you from now forward.The man that grabbed your farm was a cousin of my own but he has got cause to repent, and he has now given up the idea. You will have your home as long as you live. The big chestnut horse grew smaller and smaller till Annie found she was standing on the road, only to hear the far off trotting of a horse, ridden away by the man she loved, and again an occasional whinny which brought tears like the rain from poor Annies eyes.Now she heard her brothers voice. He and her servant man were delighted. They seemed very excited, and they asked her if she were hurt after the terrible storm that went down the road against them. "No" said Annie "After a storm comes a calm, though not so with me tonight, for before that storm came the calm for me,

and put me to bed for a sleep.
When I woke up and told him I was from Cnockachur Cross Co. Kerry, he was more surprised than ever as his home address was Emly. So now you can imagine the drive I had in the tub from Kanturk to Emly, and all I walked going astray from Crohane to Kanturk.
Next day the good Tipp. farmer brought me home with a fast horse and side car. When we were coming up the mountain we saw all the men travelling the mountain looking for my dead body, so I need not tell you the great delight there was at home when I arrived.
Mother said it would be right to give me a present, so I got a handsome new suit, and I only lost 2 days from school.

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In former times Magoury was a parish an Monks lived there. On one Sunday a saintly priest whose nae was Daheen said Mass in Magoury Church and then he had to to on foot to say another Mass in Crohane which belonged to the parish. On is was back he got very thirsty and there was no water to be got any place and as he was crossing a field in front of John Codys house he saw a root of a tree and he poked it with his walking cane and lovely cool water sprung up out of it there is a beatufil well there now. The people called the well Tobar Daheen for that was the priests name.
Mrs R. Maher, Magoury
Drangan

runs northward, through Lee's field past the forge and station, by the railway, past Arther's Bridge, through Mangans field, past Crohane churchyard and Collins's house by Poll a Mhuileann bridge.Then it disappears and it is not seen anymore until it reaches Dr Roach-Kelly’s in the town-land of Ballintleat Park.
Other roads are the Line Road and the Pike road the line road runs from the Six-Mile-Bridge in the direction of BallyBrohane. The Pike road is also a branch of the Six-Mile-Bridge road, Long ago there was a huge iron gate crossing the road where it goes over the river Abhainn Uí Cearnuigh.Anyone who wanted to cross here should pay a half-penny if they were walking and a penny if they had a horse and car. The ruins of two

Hedge Schools
The elder members of my mothers family - the Gleesons of Crohane, attended Hedge School at Glenflesk, Loo Bridge in a little boggy field, at the foot of the mountain - opposit Loo Br on the Filadown Rd.
The school was built of rough stones and sods and it was thatched with black heather. The floor was made of mud.
The teacher was Michael Donoghue. He was married to a widow who had one daughter.
About twenty or twenty five pupils attend the little school. They sat on long, black stools. When they missed these lessons or mis-behaved, he put them on each others backs and flogged them with a rod.
The teacher had a little haggard in which he grew a quantity of oats. The elder boys helped him to thresh it.
He used to send one of them out to the stack for a sheaf of oats and get him to thresh it in the school room for

I remember seeing that Parish Clerk paid a peck of potatoes by farmers year after year for his services to the parish.The Parish Clerk at Barradubh was Timothy O'Sullivan (Taidhgín the Clerk). His services were dispensed with about the same time and an altar committee and altar boys attend to the church here.The Parish Clerk was generally a bit of an "artist" and many funny stories are told about them and the way they were treated. Sometimes he would be given only small potatoes or maybe a big stone would be put into the centre of the potatoes.When twigies were not available farmers made baskets from hazel rods. Hazel does not grow around Barradubh and they were bought from people living near Crohane wood in the Parish of Glenflesk.During the winter months the farmers who owned portion of that wood or who had access to it derived a regular annual income from the sale of hazel rods for the making of baskets or hazel spars for thatching houses.Every Sunday they brought horse loads of them to Glenflesk Church when coming to

covered with part of Crohane wood. The O'Connell family were therefore reared near the woods. They were independent farmers and sold large numbers of trees and hazel rods and spars. Donnchadh early in life developed a love for the woods and became a skilled craftsman in woodwork. He saw hundreds of baskets and Sciathóga made and actually made them himself. He understood the difficulties under which basket-makers worked.When he heard of Denis Thade Shea's plan for working indoors he set to work and improved on the "patent." He got a peck basket which would contain ten-and-a-half stones of potatoe no more and no less. He measured its length and breadth and counted the number of ribs in the length and in the breadth. He made a frame of wood 4 1/2" X 4 1/2" to suit the length and breadth of a peck basket. With an auger he bored holes in the frame to correspond with the number of ribs in the basket.This was a huge success. The basket maker can work indoors day or night( A "Peck" Basket was 2 feet by 1 1/2 feet at the mouth by two feet one inch. When Donnchadh Ua Connaill who made the frame now used near to school was a boy he heard of a basket frame used by Jerry Kelly Carraig a Bhainne Glenflesk, but he never saw one and never heard it described. Though I saw hundreds and hundreds of baskets made I never heard of a frame used till the one made by Ua Connaill)

every district in Ireland. In those letters O'Donovan brought to light some interesting facts regarding the Patroness of Crohane, St. Sinech. "The is the place", he says, "called Cruachan Maige Abnae - i.e., Croghane - Mowney, in the Festology of Aengus at the 5th of October; for the glossographer places it in the territory of Eoganacht Chaisil. This is rendered absolutely certain by the existence of the well of the Patron Saint and of other names of places in it's vicinity which the ancient authorities place in Eoganacht Chaisil as Daire na bflann, etc."
The name signifies the round hill in the plain of Abhna, which may be interpreted the plain of the river. Magh Abhnai, the name of the plain, is still retained in that of the parish of Moy-Owney, which bounds this on the East.
Sinech ingen Fergnae,
Cruacháin Muige Abnach.
Sinech, daughter of Fergna of Croghane,
- moy-Owney.
Aengus the Culdee.

Ballybrogan.It is also called the Coillin.
This is not as big as CrohaneThere are only a few people (who live around are)buried there.
In Crohane there are several Vaults, some of which I know are ‘ Reddan’s and Blood’s There is the remains of a church also to be seen.
This church was once the Parish Church.
People are buried in the old church.
The people of this locality do not know much history about any of these church-yard’s.
People who are buried in the Coillin when they die they are not take to the church, for it is two much of a round. This is a believe they have.

Cruachán (Crohane)Sa feilire tugtar Cruachán Muighe Abhna ar an áit seo
(The round peak of the plain of the river)Bhí an sean eaglais suidhthe i gCruachán Íoct ar thaobh an gleanna ach níl ann anois ach fotharach. Baintear uasáid as an sean-reilig fós.In-aice na reilge atá tobar beannuighthe Tobar Sineach. Sibneach - naomh phatrún Cruacháin: Ní úsáidtear an t-uisge beannuighthe anois agus ní théigheann aoinne ar cuaird ann ach cómh beag.Tá sean caisleán ann leis - timcheall fiche troigh ar aoirde agus na fallaí naoi troighthe ar leitéád: tá cuid beag den céad úrlár ann fós.
Sean leacha ag Cruachán: Lieut Minchin of Wilford (Shangarry) a Cromwellian officer, ancestor of the Minchin families of Co. Tipperary.Another to the Milley family (Cromwellian also)

Crohane old School.
Old observations Books preserved.
Earliest Record 30th June 1856.
Examination from 10 oclock till 3 oclock
Site purchased by Public subscription from a Cottier in 1830.-
Opened in 1830- as a Hedge School
Recognised as a national School 1852-Dimensions -
Area of site 3 perches
Internal Dimensions 25½ft by 14f
External " 29" by 17½"
Height to Eave = 6ft
School Furniture -
4 forms (or seats) each 6ft long -

lying above each other at intervening distances varying from 90 to 140 feet, dipping to a common centre, and appearing at the surface on all sides; the extreme depth of the lowest seam is about 700 feet. The coal beds lie about 1,800 feet over a mass of lime-stone rock of great thickness, which shows itself at the surface all round on an average within two miles of the pits. The coal which is of the nonflaming kind is in great request with malsters and millers for drying corn and is also used for culinary purposes. About three fourths of the produce of the mines is culm, used chiefly for burning lime.
Postal Address;-
Ballingarry, Callan, Money order and Telegraph office.
Postmistress -
K.M. Norton.
Clerk telegraph office -
Miss B.M.J. Norton.
Conveyances -
Laffan's Bridge (Southern Railway) 9 miles. Thurles (G.S and W.R.) 18 miles; Callan (Co. Kilkenny) 9 miles.
Post cars for conveyance of passengers.
Poor Law - Union of Callan (Co. Kilkenny)
Dispensary and Registration district of Ballingarry (population in Tipperary 4,146) including electoral divisions of Ballingarry, Ballyphilip, Crohane and Farranrory.
Medical Officer and registrar -

Kilboy - Cill Buidhe: an old church and well
Ballaghbuidhe - Ballaghboy, a district in Ballinure townland
Kilcarney - Cill Cearnaigh do
Clonbrogan - Cluanbrogáin, townland in Moyglass parish
Kilbreedy - Cill Brighdhe townland in Killenaule parishDoire na Gleann
Derry na Glann - two islands in the Killeens bog. One is now called Gobán Saor islandTobarnavoher - Name of well to south of Killenaule
Tobar-na-Colleens - Name of town well in Killenaule ERoan - Ruadhan ( Roan Moley )
Lismortagh - Lios Murtach. townland south of Killenaule
Cooleach - Cúileach Remains of church and graveyard
Cooleagh - Cúl Aodh townland in Ballinure district
Cooldine - Cúl Doimhin in Killens townland
Curragh - Currach in same district
Cleragh - Cléireac in same district
Ballinagleragh - Baile na gCléirigh Ballinure district
Ballinure - Baile an Iubhair, crossroads in Noan
Noan - An Uaimh? There is a large cave in this place
Crohane - a distirct in Ballingarry parish
Garrane - Gearrán townland SE of Killenaule
Graigue - Graig - district SE of Killenaule
Rathroe - Rath Ruadh Hill over Killenaule, 2 old raths
Boherlug - Bothar Log: now called Cashel Road Killenaule
Clashawley - Clais Áluinn, River rising in Killenaule
The Clasheens - Claisíns: the name of several swampy fields