rod baskets, tarpaulin, and hearthrugs. They generally stay for a few hours in small towns. The men go around selling tarpualin, small tables and basket chairs. The women who are quaintly dressed go into the houses selling lace and telling fortunes.
The most popular of the travelling people are "Paddy Pigshead" "Split the wind" and "Louise Christie."
Paddy goes to the pattern in Ballylanders and to the races in Herberstown every year. On these particular occasions he wears a tall black hat and a swallow tailed coat. He plays a melodian and sings. In one song he tells the people that Mr We. [?] Velera is the only man who

the 56lbs weight at Red Bog (Ballylanders) Sports at 24ft 6ins. At Hospital G.A.A. Sports in 1886 he beat W. Real and J.S. Mitchell at putting the 56lbs the distance covered being about 24ft. It appears that putting the 42lbs was the principal heavy weight at this period. It was an oval-shaped weight, like an egg with a large ring attached to one end which rendered its propulsion extremely difficult. The ring was subsequently discarded which made it easier to pull. Ned was a great lover of greyhounds and was never without a couple. He was a great favourite in his time and was full of all the humour and tricks that go to make life brighter, even in those days when the people had to carry on a stern fight against landlordism in its most aggressive form.
O'Grady threw his full weight in Parnell's Land movement and had the reputation of beating back single handed an attack

A pal of mine in the R.I. Constabulary when stationed in the banner County told me this tale of the terrible experience of his cousin who had just returned off her honeymoon in Cork city.
It appears she got wed to a farmer who inherited a substantial farm from his deceased uncle.
This farm which was some miles from Ballylanders, Co. Limerick, has no residence therein so the new owner had a residence erected and suitably furnished prior to his marriage but did not inhabit it.
The newly married pair went to their new home on the night of their return from Cork, and all went well so far.

Build in 1790 by John Bishop he worked with great success until the end of the nineteenth century. They were usually about 10 to 15 men employed there. It was a water mill and was on the River Aherlow. Just about 400 yards on the Aherlow side of Galbally. The place can still be seen from the road. All the farmers in the surrounding district used to take their wool there every year. The people from Galbally and Aherlow parishes from Parish of Emly from Knocklong, Ballylanders and all the district around used to bring their wool there. Sometimes they used to sell the wool to Mr. Bishop and at other times they would bargain for the cloth they'd get in exchange. They used to make a strong course frieze and also flannel cloth for white waistcoats which the men used to wear when out working. There was a tucking mill attached to the woollen mill for raising the 'nap' of the frieze and the blankets.
The Bishops became bankrupt 1892 and the mill closed it was afterwards purchased or leased by Mr. Phelan Galbally who for many years used it as a mill for crushing corn and later still as a saw mill

The Local Roads There is one main road in Knockanevin and here are a number of roads branching out of it. These roads are Tully, Darragh, Mitchelstown, Old Road, Kilclooney snd The Green.The Tully Road leads to Ballylanders. The Darragh Road leads to Kilfinane. The Old Road Leads to Corrogurm, The Kilclooney Road leads to Kildorrery and the Green Road leads to Mitchelstown.All those roads were made at the time of The Famine in 1847 about ninety one years ago. These were only paths that were made into roads. All the poor people who had no occupations were put making them. This was a great relief as they got money from the Government do so.In this way they were able to buy food for themselves and their families. The people who made

He followed his guide and in less time than it takes to tell he found himself at Ballinamona Bridge, two hundred yard from St Fanahan's well. Here he was alone and finding that he was able to untie his shackles he heaved the stone over the bridge into the river below - Ballinamona river, and here it can be seen today.
A very popular Saint in Mitchelstown and the neighbouring parishes is St Mologga. There are two graveyards which bear his name - "Teampuillín Molagga" near Ballylanders and "Molagga" near Kildorrery. A few very interesting stories are told locally in connection with this Saint and the graveyards which bear his name.The "Teampuillín" is noted for a gully which was used in curing backache. The gully was low and narrow, so narrow that it seemed impossible for the body of any man to pass through. The sufferer stretched himself on his stomach and crawled in and through the other end. Although it was apparently impossible, yet a person of any bulk might pass through in this way. Having done this the ache was believed to leave within a few days.
In the farm of Mr William Blackburn where the "Religín" which I have mentioned before, is located, there is a also a blessed well

Gubbin's Moat.
This is situated in the townland of Ballingarry, Barony Coshlea. A "light" was always associated with it. It is near a graveyard and the light was supposed to be seen going from there to the moat and back again. In my young days when passing by that moat (there is a double ditch beside it, a short cut to village of Ballylanders) we would walk very quietly and silently and never go nearer than the double ditch and we would not dream of crossing at night. Now all that fear is gone.
A story was told by my father (RIP) how one night about midnight he was returning from a hayrick and a light left this moat and went along the road before him and when he came to the crossroads near Ballingarry he heard trampling as if horses were travelling fast but saw nothing and the light was still there. The noise turned at the cross and went along the road whence he had come, towards the churchyard, and the light left him and also went back, and he could see the light facing for the moat again. He used to say that it was a funeral of someone who had been buried in a place he or she did not like and was coming back to their own burial ground.

all night long & tired & weary the guests left at day break for home.
For a whole month then, the bride could not enter her old home & the Sunday after the month was up guests were again invited to house of bride to "hauling home" & another dance was given. Several friends who had been at wedding would also give a dance to the newly married, so that for about 2 months there was great revelling & feasting.
There were several roads & crosses then, where no wedding group woul pass by. In the townsland of Ballingarry is a road called the Line & it is considered very unlucky for a newly married couple to leave the Church & go along that road. There is also a cross near Ballylanders, 2mls from here, where a gallows was said to be at one time & no wedding would pass by it in olden days but now there is no notice taken of it.
It was often said that the lady who was shown to the prospective bridegroom, when he went to see her, was not the one he got at the alter. He did not recognise her, as all brides that time

A story is yet told by some old people that an R.I.C. Sergeant who was stationed in Ballylanders, heard of the trout which was in it and that he came and caught the trout and since no cures have bee effected there. It was also necessary "to see this trout" to get the full benefit of the rounds and prayers. No rounds are given there now, but it is peculiar that the cattle graze on the field in which it is and have easy access to it, none of them ever go near it to drink nor eat of the bush near it. In the hottest weather, the water is beautifully cool and palatable.
About four miles distant is the "Well of Maloe" as the people call it, but it is really St. Maloe's Well. The old people say that St. Malo St Ailbe, Patron saint of Emly in Co. Tipp. and St. Fannahan, ( to whose memory a Pattern is held in Mitchelstown yet and to whom great cures are attributed Pattern Day - 25th November) were brothers.Pattern day of St. Malo is held on the 3rd. August every year but people give rounds there - within the octave i.e. 8 days before and till the Sunday week after. The local people attend on the Sunday in their very best - not to give rounds but for a

Patterson scandalised us all that day"
The Baileys became Catholics in the following way: They brought with them from the County Cork a family by the name Hoare who were good Catholic workmen. They got a house in the corner of Bailey's extensive farm.
Old Charles Bailey married Hetty Burke a Catholic from Bansha. Bailey was a good farmer but was fond of his whiskey. As soon as opportunity offered after the birth of each child, the child was taken to Hoare's house and there baptized by the Priest unknown to Bailey. This was kept a close secret and when old Charles died the family became Catholic openly. The fourth generation is at present in Spittal with their father and mother and consists of Charles, Anna and Kathleen.
I got both of the above incidents from the late Edmond Hoare of Spittal, Ballylanders who was over 80 years of age when he died about four years ago.

and at one time about ten families lived in it. During this time the poor people used the partitions as fuel so that when the late Mr Dalton Teacher in Ballintubber, purchased it about forty five years ago from Sampson all the inner walls had to be completely rebuilt. It is the Civic Guards barracks with the past sixteen years. The present owner is my daughter, Mrs Feely, of Dublin.
When Kingston got broken up so that he had to dispose of his property in this locality several people bought it piecemeal. A Mr Donovan bought Ballylanders village and townland for about £50. Mr Duncan bought it from Donovan for, they say, £250. Mr Duncan was landlord until the sale to the tenants about twenty years ago.
Kingston was noted for his brutality. A widow living near Mitchelstown had a wayward son whom she complained to Kingston. "Bring him to me and I'll chastise him." She brought the son and Kingston told her come for him the following morning. When the poor widow came for her son she was told to go out to the farmyard for him and that she

would find him obedient for evermore.
The poor woman was overjoyed and thanked Kingston but when she reached the yard there she found her son hanging from the shafts of a car cold in death. Take him now and I promise you he will never again give you any trouble said the tyrant.
Kingston and his son rode their horses to water one fine morning. The son was a little in advance and he bent forward to give rein to his animal to drink. The father drew his sword and cut him through. When asked why he did such an unnatural deed he simply said the position was too tempting to let it go. (My grandmother told me this. She knew Kingston. Mrs Johanna Keane, Cullane, Ballylanders.)
Kingston employed favourites for various jobs. One was haw gathering. They went through the country gathering the haws for planting but they also had an eye out for handsome girls for their master. The girls were taken by force to the Castle and there some of them dashed themselves to the ground and to instant death while others were liberated, after a short time, stark raving lunatics. The descendants of Kingston's favourites have the finest farms and buildings in the parish of Mitchelstown, especially in a place called Thorn-a-lawn to the N.W. of the town.

The Ballylanders Bog.Turf cutting was carried out on a large scale in this locality about 100 years ago. Griston Bog to the south west of the village was the scene of operations. People flocked here from a wide area and bought and worked a patch of bog. Coal was practically unknown in this locality hence the demand for turf.
It was an every morning occurrence to see from three to four hundred people, men women, boys and girls in the lower end of the village around Dineen's corner about sunrise of a summer morning preparing to march to the bog for a hard day's work. those people came from Gallbally, Aherlow, Tipperary, Lattin, Emly, Hospital, Knocklong, Kilfinane, Kildorrery and Mitchelstown.
Pigott's pipers led the Kildorrery and Mitchelstown men while the Hayes brothers led the Kilfinane and Ballintubber sections.
Captain Gubbins, the owner of the Bog let the turf banks very reasonably and he gave to the Hayes brothers a patch of the bog opposite Wm Hackett's and sufficient to

Composed by Darby Ryan of Bansha.
Ryan was a great satirist. The peeler, in this case, was supposed to have met Ryan's horse saddle and bridle straying about Clonmel some time previously. Ryan was brought before the Mayor to answer for the infringement of the Law. On being fined Ryan declared in Court "My horse will walk through Clonmel when you Mayor (your mare) will have ceased to exist."
The Peeler, in the case, was removed to Bansha some time later and having a special interest in wandering animals, Darby composed the Peeler and the Goat to whistle or sing which would be risky in the presence of a policeman some fifty or sixty years ago. Ryan was an old man when he died in 1855.
The late Thos. Ryan, Relieving Officer, of Ballylanders was friend and distant cousin of Darby's and from his son, Edmond, I learned what he knew about Darby.
Darby was a great character. Should any one rich or poor merit his displeasure, he was sure to be satirised immediately in the local papers. His daughter was as good as himself but in a milder sense. A few of Darby's satires are too scurrilous for print.

shelter and a safe retreat for the hunted Priest or outlaw. About half-a-mile on the Ballylanders side of the village on the old road is Ballymahane Bridge. A very remarkable incident occurred here. A crippled beggar came to Anglesboro'. He travelled in a sort of wheel-barrow driven by the people of one house to the next and so on. It would appear the road was bad so that he must be getting a fierce jolting which roused his anger to such a pitch that he cursed those driving him. His language was so bad that when they reached the Bridge they decided to help him no farther. He became so voilent that he over-turned his cart and as there were no battlements to the bridge he toppled in. The witnesses looked in but lo and behold, there wasn't trace nor tiding of him. They say Ballymahane is haunted.
This cripple was Darby Brohan who hanged Fr. Sheehy. Fr Sheehy found shelter from the red coats quite close to Ballymahane in the house of a protestand named John Anglim. Paddy Green Mahony lives there now.
It is a curious and remarkable fact that Brahan should disappear in this place where Father Sheehy had found shelter.

surrounded himself and the Tipperary Flag bearer threw them into a back garden, over a high wall, where they recovered them soon after.
In the Band were Patrick Hickey and his brother Jim. The former is living in the Coole here enjoying the old age pension. He and Hannon are the only living witnesses in this area to that day's shootings. In the Band also were Michael Looby and his brother Tom of the Coole. Tom Davern & his brother Jim, John Lenihan, of Killeen, Cul Fenton of the Bog, Wm Crawford of Ballylanders. Most of those emigrated to U.S.A. soon after and to my knowledge none of them ever returned to the old land again.
The crowds that converged from all points on Mitchelstown that day were immense so that there was congestion in The Square and the streets and shops adjoining. When the meeting started to be addressed, the horsemen formed a cordon around the footmen around the waggonnete on which the speakers were.
When the Government reporters made their appearance they were roughly treated and had to leave. The meeting was proceeding quietly when a body of policemen rushed up the Street and commenced

double ditch near this well. She owned a few cows and to all outward appearances was an industrious, honest, hard-working woman. It was noticeable by the neighbours that her turn out of butter was much in excess of what her stock could possibly yield. Unknown to all she was making pishogues
One of her neighbours, John Kenefick of Carrighturk had occasion to be out early one morning on his hill with his greyhounds and he had two good ones then. He saw the hare with his cows and slipped his dogs. The dogs had a grueller. The hare made for Peggy's house closely pursued by the dogs. The hare made for the window and as it reached the sill the hound leaped and brought a mouthful of the hare's rump. The hare gave a most unearthly human scream which aroused the servant boy and when he opened his door to see what was up he saw Peggy going in her own door. He saw a line of blood from the window to her room. Peggy wasn't seen that day and Kenefick and the boy told Father Cahill then P.P. of Ballylanders who went and insisted on seeing Peggy. He stopped her other ill doings but she had a lame step ever after.
The late John Kenefick Carrigturk told me this and he had it from his father who had the hounds.

Sore-throats and hoarseness: Get a pint of boiling water. Put three table spoons of sugar into it. Stir well. Take some at bed time and when you wake during the night.
The late Mrs Murphy's cure of Cullane, Ballylanders.The old remedy for a sore throat was to put the woollen stocking you were wearing during the day around your neck at night. You will find your throat much improved in the morning. A peculiar cure for a burn for which I can vouch as it was applied to myself when I was eight years of age: It happened like this: Two neighbours, John Kenefick and Michael McGuire brought coal to my house from Knocklong. When the coal was stored away, the company sat down to dinner and to a glass of punch. I was playing around and tripped over the boiling kettle, the water flowing over my right hand and wrist. Kenefick immediately licked the burned part and it was cured at once

The old remedy and a good one was to try and ripen the boil with hot flannels. When it broke you got sugar and ground it into fine powder. Next you got some resin and melted it with a hot iron. Then you applied a little soap. Mix the three well together into a paste, spread on a very clean linen cloth and put on to the boil. Do this twice in the twenty four hours and you will find it an effctive remedy but slower than the previous remedies.
N.B. Great care must be taken not to touch the boil with your fingers, nails or anything that is not sterilised. If you do you are courting blood-poison for which doctors have no remedy. They actually tell you there is no remedy for it but injections which invariably drive it through the system quicker.Blood Poison: I got the folllowing cure from an old lady friend of mine - Mrs John Power of Ballylanders and I can vouch that it was successful where doctors failed to effect a remedy. Even when the poison had travelled from the sore finger to the arm, or from the heel or toe to the thigh and formed a blue lump there the following was successful.

Holy WellsThere is a holy well near the Moreabbey. It is situated near Mr Mullaney's gate (Park). It is called after St Francis. It is said to cure sore eyes. Invalids rub the water to their eyes and they also do rounds at the well.It is said that this well was once on the opposite side of the road. Two men were fighting near the well one day and they were cut during the fight. They washed their cuts in the well and then the well moved to the other side of the road. There is a holy well in Ballylanders. It is called Our Lady's Well. It is visited by people on the 15th August - pattern day. There are a lot of relics near the well. People leave rags hanging on bushes near the well. They say that when the rags rot they will